Anabolic steroids are synthetic versions of the naturally produces hormone known as testosterone. Primarily taken by male athletes and those using weight training to build muscle, these illegal substances are abused by numerous individuals who do know fully understand the several very real dangers associated with steroid abuse. While many of the short term effects of this drug are disregarded, as they are temporary, there are some serious long term physiological and mental effects, and severe legal consequences associated with the risky behavior taking anabolic steroids.
The physiological effects of steroid abuse can be serious, and may even cost some individuals their lives. Steroids affect nearly all of the major body systems including the hepatic, cardiovascular, skeletal-muscular, and reproductive. They have been linked to abnormal liver function, cardiomegaly, death caused by heart and artery problems, and hypertension. In addition, alterations in connective tissue structure can result from steroid use, ultimately resulting in weakened tendons and increased risks for injury. Steroid abuse can also result in elevated LDL cholesterol, and a decrease in HDL cholesterol.
Testosterone is directly responsible for the body's sex drive, sperm production, erectile potency, and overall health of reproductive structures. Abusing steroids, the synthetic form of testosterone, causes the body to produce fewer gonadotrophines, the hormone that stimulates the production of natural testosterone. As a result, testicular atrophy, impotence, infertility, a decreased sex drive, and overall decrease in mental and physical activity may occur.
Although there is some controversy surrounding the ideas of the mental effects caused from abusing steroids, a theory exists that “roid rage” may occur in the form of extreme mood swings, irritability, and aggression. Recently, several controlled studies have confirmed evidence that supports aggressive behavior on both case and correlation studies.
Although, steroid abuse is not limited to men alone, or to any certain age group, it seems to occur more commonly in young male athletes, and even high school students. In efforts to protect those who may not fully understand the dangers of steroid abuse, or those who willingly participate in this risky behavior, the government has issued harsh penalties for the possession of anabolic steroids and steroid trafficking. Maximum penalties can reach up to $250,000 in fines and up to 5 years of imprisonment. In addition, some states who recognize the dangers of steroid abuse are now requiring urine drug tests for student athletes, to ensure they are not risking their health for a competitive advantage.
